Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitudetheattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysicsbiologychemistrygeologyengineeringmedicineoranyotherscience?

Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinoursocieties.Howevermanypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachinesproductsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop. Thesecondistheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandaction thatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofallitseemsthatasuccessfulscientistiscurious-hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanationand looksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserveraccuratepatientandobjectiveandusesthefactsheobservestothefullest.Forexampletrainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum(光谱).

Hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Herejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.

Furthermore hedoesnotreadilyaccepthisownideasinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly heisfullofimagination sinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore heneedsimagination ifhewantstoguesshowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

【小题1】Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough_________

A．knowledgeonly.B．morethanoneaspect.C．technologyonly.